VERBES PREPOSITIONELS ET
VERBES A PARTICULE ADVERBIALE.
Comparez : He took off his hat : verbe à particule (postposition)
He took it off.
La particule adverbiale comme tous les adverbes modifie le sens du
verbe.
et :
He was listening to
me : verbe
prépositionnel.
La préposition introduit un complément.
|
Verbe à particule |
Verbe prépositionnel |
|
·
Le verbe à particule peut se construire sans complément : ·
Le complément peut être placé entre le verbe et la particule : ·
Lorsque le complément est un pronom, il se place nécessairement avant
la particule : Exemples : -
to get away. S' enfuir -
to get across. Traverser - to get up. Se lever - to get on well. Bien s' entendre. - to get out. Sortir Particules : about, across, along, away, back,
down, in, off, on, out, over, round, through, up Les verbes à particule
sont souvent : - des verbes de mouvement
(go, come, run, etc.) - des verbes d' une
syllabe au sens imprécis (do, get, give, hold, make, put, take) |
·
La préposition introduit nécessairement un complément. ·
La préposition est maintenue à droite du verbe dans les : ·
Il existe des prépositions complexes : Exemples de prépositions : At : à (lieu) ou après verbes
ou adjectifs de surprise; across : à travers; along : le long de; after : après; down : vers le bas; from : (provenance); for (destination ou après
verbes de désir); off : (séparation); out : (sortie); on : sur; over : au dessus; to : vers, à; through : à travers; under : sous; up : vers le haut. Attention : il y a des utilisations
multiples de ces prépositions. He ran after the dog. Il a poursuivi le chien. He looked after me. Il s' est occupé de moi. |
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Verbes à particules + préposition : He can' t put up with
me. |
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PREPOSITIONS
DANS LES FORMES VERBALES, ADJECTIVALES, NOMINALES
To
abide by the law
To
account for something
To
be acquainted with someone
To
accuse someone of something
To
be accustomed to something
To
be addicted to something
To
agree (with someone) on something
To
aim at something
To
be angry (with someone) about something
To
apologize for something
To
approve of soimething
To
blame someone for something
To
borrow something from someone
To
break into a house
To
charge ($ 20) for something
To
charge someone with a crime
To
confess to (doing) someting
To
confide in someone (faire confiance, se confier)
To
congratulate someone on something
To
consist in doing
To
consist of two different things
To
cope with something
To
count on something
To
crave for something
To
deal with something
A
decline in something
To
delight in something
To
depend on something
To
deter someone from doing something
To
devote oneself to something
To
be different from something
To
be disappointed in/with someone/something
To
disapprove of something
To
be on the dole
A
drop in prices
To
be on duty (de service, de garde, de permanence)
To
escape from somewhere
To
excuse someone for something
To
expect something from someone
A
fall in prices
To
be famous for something
To
be on fire
To
be on the first floor
To
be fond of something
To
forgive someone for something
To
be free from something
To
gaze at (upon) something
To
get on well with someone
To
glance at something
To
be good at English
To
be grateful (to someone) for something
To
hear from someone
To
hear of / about something
To
hear something on the radio
To
hint at something (faire allusion à)
To
be on holiday
To
hope for something
An
increase in prices
To
be independent of someone
To
indulge in something (s' adonner à)
To
insist on doing
To
be intent on something (absorbé par, résolu à)
To
be interested in something
To
intrude on someone (s' immiscer, s' ingérer)
To
be involved in something
To
be keen on something
To
keep from doing
To
laugh at someone
To
be lacking in something
The
lack of something
To
limit oneself to (doing)
To
live by oneself
To
live through something (survivre à)
To
long for something
To
look after someone (s' occuper de)
To
look at something
To
look for something
To
look forward to (doing) something
To
look like someone
To
make for the door (se diriger vers)
To
make up for something (compenser)
To
my mind
To
mistake someone for another person
To
object to (doing) something
In
my opinion
To
be out of order (en panne, en dérangement)
For
my part
To
pay ($20) for something
To
persist in doing
To
be pleased at something
There'
s no pint in doing
To
prevent someone from doing
To
pride oneself on doing / to take pride in
To
be proud of something
To
provide for someone (subvenir aux besoins de)
To
do it on purpose
To
put up with something
To
quarrel with someone
The
reason for doing
To
rely on a friend
To
reproach someone for / with doing something
To
be responsible for something
A
rise in prices
To
rob someone of something
To
run out of petrol
In
the long run
Out
of : out of jealousy (par jalousie)
For
sale
To
be on sale
To
sound like something / someone
To
stand for something
To
stare at something
To
steal something from someone
To
succeed in doing something
To
be surprised at something
To
take to drinking
To
think about something
To
think of doing something (envisager de)
To
think of someone
On
second thoughts
At
the same time
For
the time being
To
arrive in time (à temps)
To
arrive on time (à l' heure)
To
threaten someone with something
What'
s the use of doing
To
be (to get) used to doing
To
be at war
To
wonder at something (s' étonner, s' émerveiller de)
To
be at work
To
be out of work
To
yearn for / after (aspirer à, languir, avoir la nostalgie)
VERBES A
PARTICULE
Certains
se construisent sans complément d' objet : He
eventually turned up : apparaître, arriver
To
back up (soutenir qqu' un , argument)
To
bear out something (confirmer)
To
blow up (exploser, agrandir une photo)
To
break down (avoir une dépression nerveuse, tomber en panne)
To
break in
To
break out (se déclarer : guerre, feu, etc.)
To
break up (se désunir(famille), prendre fin)
To
bring up a child
To
burn down (être détruit par le feu)
To
burn out (se consumer complètement)
To
call off something (annuler)
To
carry out (mener à bien)
To
check up (mener une vérification)
To
cheer up (encourager, remonter le moral)
To
cross out (barrer, supprimer)
To
cut down something (réduire)
To
cut off (séparer, isoler)
To
cut off supplies (couper les vivres)
To
cut out (découper)
To
dress up (soigner sa toilette)
To
drop out (abandonner une activité : school, etc.)
To
eat up (finir de manger)
To
fill in a form
To
fill out (remplir)
To
find out (découvrir)
To
get along (continuer)
To
give in (céder)
To
give up something
To
go on
To
go out
To
look out (faire attention)
To
hold on (continuer, tenir bon)
To
keep on
To
keep up (continuer)
To
knock out (assommer)
To
lay off (licencier)
To
let someone down
To
lie down
To
look something up in the dictionary
To
make out something (comprendre)
To
mix up (mélanger, confondre, se lier avec)
To
move out (déménager)
To
pick up (ramasser)
To
put down
To
put off (dissuader quelqu' un)
To
put off something (remettre à plus tard)
To
see off at the station, airport (accompagner)
To
see off (repousser à plus tard)
To
sell out (vendre jusqu' à épuisement du stock)
To
set up a business (monter une affaire)
To
settle down
To
show someone in / out (faire entrer / sortir)
To
show off (parader, "frimer")
To
show up (se présenter, être présent)
To
shut up (enfermer)
To
sit down
To
stand out (against something) (se détacher)
To
stand up
To
stir up (remuer)
To
take off
To
take on responsibilities
To
take over a job (reprendre)
To
talk over (discuter de)
To
think over (considérer, peser)
To
tie up (attacher)
To
turn down an opportunity (refuser)
To
turn on / off (allumer / éteindre)
To
turn out to be (se révéler être)
To
turn up (se présenter, arriver)
To
wake up
To
wear out (user)
To
wear through (user jusqu' à la corde)
To
work out (élaborer)
To
write down (noter par écrit)
VERBES A
PARTICULE + PREPOSITION
To
catch up with (rattraper)
To
check up on (enquêter sur)
To
do away with (abolir, supprimer)
To
drop in on someone (rendre visite)
To
get along with someone (bien s' entendre avec)
To
get away with something (échapper à, s' en tirer (punition, etc.))
To
go in for (se spécialiser)
To
keep up with (rester en contact, imiter)
To
look down on (mépriser)
To
look out for (rechercher)
To
look up to (admirer)
To
make up for (compenser)
To
make up to (flatter)
To
put up with (tolérer)
To
stand up to (résister)