INFINITIF COMPLET, INFINITIF sans TO ou GERONDIF

 

On trouve l' infinitif sans TO :

 

·     Après les modaux:                                       He must go.

·     Après les expressions modales :              You' d better go. Tu ferais mieux d' y aller.

                                                                              I' d rather stay here. Je préfèrerais rester là.

 

·     A l' impératif:

Lorsque l' ordre est adressé à YOU:                Go away!

 

·     Après les verbes de perception

                                                                              I heard him arrive. Je l' ai entendu arriver.

            I saw him arrive. Je l' ai vu arriver.

Cependant les verbes de perception sont parfois suivis du gérondif

                I saw him arriving. J' ai vu son arrivée / je l' ai vu pendant qu' il arrivait

 le gérondif permet d' insister sur le déroulement de l' action.

 

·     Après LET , MAKE, HAVE

He let me go. Il m' a laissé partir.

He made me go. Il m' a fait partir.

He had me do my homework. Il m' a fait faire mes devoirs.

 

En revanche on trouve l' INFINITIF COMPLET après ALLOW (permettre) , GET (amener à), CAUSE (causer, provoquer) et FORCE (forcer à)

He allowed me to go. Il m' a autorisé à partir.

I got him to do it. Je l' ai amené à le faire.

The war caused him to go. La guerre a provoqué son départ.

He forced me to go. Il m' a forcé à partir (ou : He obliged me to go)

 

FAIRE FAIRE

 

John made her paint the door. John lui a fait peindre la porte.

à John a fait pression sur quelqu' un pour l' obliger à peindre la porte.

On emploie MAKE + (agent accomplissant l' action qui suit) + INFINITIF SANS TO.

 

John had her paint the door. John lui a fait (lui a demandé de) peindre la porte.

à HAVE n' exprime pas vraiment la pression.

On emploie HAVE + (agent accomplissant l' action qui suit) + INFINITIF SANS TO.

 

John had the door painted last year. John a fait peindre la porte l' année dernière.

à On ne nous dit pas qui a peint la porte, l' "agent" n' est pas précisé. On mentionne seulement que la porte a été peinte: sens passif. C' est le résultat qui importe.

On emploie HAVE + ("objet" sur lequel l' action est accomplie) +  PARTICIPE PASSE.

 


Complétez avec l' infinitif complet ou la base verbale.

1.     I' d rather ------ (send) him some flowers.

2.     I' d prefer ------ (send) him some money.

3.     He' d better ------ (stay) where he is.

4.     You' re not allowed ------ (stay) in the building.

5.     I won' t let you ------ (smoke in my room but I can' t oblige you ------ (go out).

6.     You may ------ (ask) him.

7.     On the whole, I' d rather ------ (be) rich and miserable than poor and happy.

8.     Will you (ask) ------ her to come?

9.     The doctor has told him he cannot ------ (leave) his room.

 

Complétez les blancs avec l' infinitif ou la base verbale.

He won' t let you ------ (do) it. You' d better ------ (give up) the idea. He' s never allowed anyone ------ (look) into his papers. If he finds out that you' ve been trying ------ (cheat) him, he' ll make you ------ (leave) this place at once.

I' ve often heard him ------ (say) that he' d rather ------ (fire) an employee than let him ------ (have) his own way.

"Faire faire" : HAVE ou MAKE?

Complétez avec le verbe qui convient, à la forme qui convient.

1.     I ------ my car repaired yesterday.

2.     He can' t ------ her understand why she was wrong.

3.     The policemen ------ them stop at the crossroads.

4.     I' ll have to ------ this skirt shortened.

 

Choisissez la réponse qui convient.

1.     He ------ me ------ that awful letter. I' ll never forgive him.
a. made --- write  b. made --- to write c. had --- written

2.     He' s asked me ------ him ------.
a. to let --- to go  b. let --- go  c. to let --- go  d. let --- to go

3.     She wants me ------ with them but I' d rather ------ here.
a. to go --- to stay  b. go --- stay  c. to go --- stay  d. go --- to stay

4.     When I saw him ------ I decided ------ him the truth.
a. to arrive --- to tell  b. arrive --- tell  c. to arrive --- tell
d. arrive --- to tell